Selection and Effect of Ceramic Pigment Granularity

Ceramic pigment particles in the pigment fineness degree are often spoken by people, for a great color and tone color effect. At present most of the calcined pigment particles, the average grain size of 1 microns -10 microns. Screening [325] is to choose the most suitable particle size distribution.

Ceramic pigment particle size Is it right? Smaller is better?
Is not the pigment particle size color effect. Pigment at the dissolution degree melting glaze performance for surface volume per unit volume of pigment function of ceramic pigment, surface area and particle size is inversely proportional to.
Because the pigment particle size smaller, solubility in glaze more in. It will cause is glaze dissolved, the formation of adverse effects. Such as the content of cobalt pigment is most easily dissolved cobalt present glaze flow phenomenon, so color glaze will form the color uneven defects. In addition also should control the pigment particles of maximum diameter, to prevent pigment particles formed the inhomogeneous surface. Some Ceramic Colors enterprises in the form of pigment processing experience, that the maximum particle size processing pigment glaze layer to lower than 1/10 is appropriate.
The choice of granularity
Ordinary glaze particle size about 20 microns is preferred. In the production of pigments, calcined by grinding method for deciding ceramic pigment fineness. But some paint on the ground instead of the color intensity. The reason is that the reason of grinding pigment particles are exposed new is not color surface, forming a superfluous result. The zirconium color material is most likely to form the phenomenon. Therefore, in the use of pigments, pigment particle size should choose the optimal particle size, to ensure that it has sufficient dispersion in the best color intensity.
Effect of various Ceramic Pigment
Two aspects of package material including particle size and gradation is usually much day sieve margin to express, this method can only measure the ultimate particles. Until the advent of the laser particle size analyzer for measuring the size of laser diffraction method, this phenomenon can be solved thoroughly for the pigment particle size.
★ black material, especially the black material containing cobalt, the smaller the particle size of blackness is better. Brown particle size decreases. The general red, yellow and increases, but the depth of color will make explicit shallow.
★ Co - Si system of song blue ion colouring material. In Opacified Glaze particle size smaller, more uniform to a package; transparent glaze, glaze with decreasing grain size free sword Co+ increases into opportunities four coordinated, the purple Tone Blue yuan increase decrease.
★ Zirconium Silicate Pigment (zirconium color) crystal structure is relatively stable. Little effect size changes within a certain range of colors. But because of zirconium silicate is a kind of strong opacifying agent, size reduction, enhanced opacifying ability, will reduce the color depth. We keep on pigment particle size standard deviation of R medium. The grinding time in glazes must strictly control.
★ wrong vanadium yellow pigment (Zr ~ V) belongs to the "mordant dyeing type" pigment, poor structural stability, effect of particle size on the tone is obvious, therefore, the general should be the basic ground in the glaze is added after mixing.
★ inclusion stains although also belongs to the zirconium silicate type, but is very sensitive to the particle size. Long time grinding the zirconium silicate character is damaged, resulting in hair color lighter, more defects. Therefore, inclusion stains should also be in the glaze grinding after adding mixed use.

Properties Of Ceramic Pigment, Common Role, Preparation Process, Identification Technology

Ceramic pigments are widely used in ceramics, the exterior wall tiles, whole body tiles, polished tiles, powder, different ceramic pigment and has decorative effect of different, the ceramic pigments have in common?
The concept of Ceramic Pigment, pigment or color material, is the base and solvent or additive is prepared into powder colored ceramic decorative material. Pigment = chromophore chromophore + flux as coloring matter and other raw materials.
Effect
It has good covering power, thermal stability;
◆ no bleeding and migration, excellent light fastness and weather ability
◆ with opacity good, insoluble in water and organic solvents;
◆ with stable quality, hair color and strong, easy to disperse, strong coloring, color is bright;
◆Chemical resistance excellent, and most of the thermoplastic and thermosetting resin compatibility
Nature
Powder, odorless gas, insoluble in water, soluble in acetone, insoluble in ethanol, insoluble in acid and alkali, no explosion danger, non-toxic, non radioactive, non flammable, non corrosive.

Process for preparing ceramic pigment
1, mixed
the final color colorant, greatly influenced by adding other ingredients in the colorants. Therefore, in order to make each batch of pigment from the same color, must be in accordance with the composition of weighing and mixing quality will be the same as the raw material of fine.
2, Calcinations
Calcinations is an important process for the Ceramic Colors, the purpose is to make the stabilization. In the calcinations process, because of raw material properties and hope to get the color is different, and different reaction. Using the temperature of calcinations temperature minimum and final products of the same color.
3, washing
The calcined pigment grinding, in order to remove all the soluble substances, should be washed. The uses of chromate pigments must be washed with hot water, such as leftover chromate soluble, appear uneven depth around the chrome color. If not the borate in addition to the net, will produce the film in color.
4, crushing
After washing with pan mill and ball mill, wet grinding required fineness. Pigment particle size is not specified, the general requirements for all through 300 mesh sieve. Crushing is insufficient due to uneven granularity and difficult to use, and the lack of coverage due to the speckle after firing. And crushing over as fine as dust, it can not fully fused in the glaze and become the cause of roll glaze.
How to distinguish between different colors
The most simple is the naked eye, simple to distinguish different color pigments.

How Are Neodymium Magnets Manufactured

Neodymium magnets are a rare-earth magnet that is made from boron and neodymium. General Motors in 1982 first manufactured this kind of magnet. You can find two distinct techniques that are used to produce Neodymium Magnets; solidification and the traditional process.
The conventional process for neodymium magnet production is performed through powder metallurgy. This technique demands that the neodymium, cast into ingots and iron are melted down. Once these ingots are cooled they are changed into an excellent power of contaminants. The particles undergo liquid-phase sintering which causes the contaminants to magnetically align. They compressed and are simultaneously heated to make a magnet, once the particles are aimed.
Fast solidification is accomplished by acquiring a Nd-Fe-T mix and melt spinning a skinny ribbon of it. The ribbon that is produced through the melt procedure has grains that are oriented. The ribbon is then pulverized into small particles. There is a fat then added to the particles which mixture is possibly shot molded into bonded magnets.

About 50,000 500 plenty of neodymium magnets, to 55 are generated every year. These magnets are employed in electronic generators, hard drives MRI machines, as well as other programs. For instance, the Toyota Prius employs the engine that's in the vehicle to be produced by 1 kg of neodymium. When handling neodymium magnets because of their magnetic strength, exclusive care needs to be used. Even a magnet as small as a pair centimeters have the ability if skin or different areas of the body get trapped between magnets, to cause bodily damage. They could collide with push that is enough to lead them to processor if magnets are near each other. The fields will also be dangerous to magnetic advertising, creditcard strips, watches along with other devices.
Of the sum total world generation, sintered neodymium magnets constitute 000 tons, 45,000 to 50. China accounts for 75-80% of the entire world manufacturing. China can also be the nation where the vast majority of the products which might be created utilizing these magnets are made. Asia makes up about 17-25% of the output. Europe generates 3-5% of the planet output annually.
The other 5,500 plenty of Custom Neodymium Magnets made will be the variety that is bonded. The magnets have several magnets. They feature less flux which makes them better suited for controlled software. It is not impossible for them to be formed into areas that are unable to be done through the method that is conventional. There is not current loss with this specific kind of magnet.
These magnets in electronic and hybrid automobiles and their significance in several electronics' use ensure that manufacturing increases in the foreseeable future. This may contain both the traditional and solidification process.